Rated 4.9/5 by 312+ Chennai clientsZero penalty record across all filings24-hour response · WhatsApp-first supportOffices: Maduravoyal, Nerkundram & Nolambur (upcoming)15+ years of expert tax & compliance consulting500+ active clients across 243 Chennai areasRated 4.9/5 by 312+ Chennai clientsZero penalty record across all filings24-hour response · WhatsApp-first supportOffices: Maduravoyal, Nerkundram & Nolambur (upcoming)15+ years of expert tax & compliance consulting500+ active clients across 243 Chennai areas
Trusted Pvt Ltd Consultants · Adyar (PIN 600020)

Pvt Ltd Company Registration in Adyar, Chennai

Pvt Ltd cadence for Adyar firms near Adyar Depot — backed by a 15+ year track record

Handling Pvt Ltd Company Registration for Adyar and Besant Nagar clients — qualified review, a 7-year workpaper archive and fixed fees from day one. Call 9566-068-468.

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15+ Years
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500+ Clients
Quick Answer

Can a foreign national be a director of an Indian private limited company in Adyar, Chennai?

Yes. Section 149 does not bar foreign nationals from directorship subject to Section 149(3) resident director requirement. The foreign national must obtain DIN — application supported by passport (apostilled in countries party to the Hague Apostille Convention 1961, otherwise consularised) and address proof. Identity and address proof must be attested by Notary Public of the home country and apostilled/consularised under the Companies (Registration of Foreign Companies) Rules 2014.

Transparent Pricing

Pvt Ltd Company Registration in Adyar — Plans & Pricing

Fixed fees · Zero hidden charges · Call 9566-068-468 for a custom quote.

MonthlyAnnualSave 2 Months
Basic
SPICe+ Part A & Part B basic
₹7,500one-time

  • SPICe+ Part A Name Reservation (2 names)
  • SPICe+ Part B Incorporation Filing
  • e-MOA (INC-33) and e-AOA (INC-34) Drafting
  • INC-9 Auto-Generated Declaration
  • Up to 2 Directors and 2 Shareholders
  • Single Registered Office Verification
  • PAN and TAN Allotment
  • DIN for New Directors
  • INC-20A Commencement Filing
  • Custom MOA AOA Drafting
  • Authorised Capital: Up to ₹1 lakh
  • Foreign Director Apostille
  • Multi-Class Share Structure
  • Certificate of Incorporation Delivery
  • WhatsApp Document Pickup
Starter
DIN allotment & commencement
₹12,500one-time

  • SPICe+ Part A Name Reservation (2 names)
  • SPICe+ Part B Incorporation Filing
  • e-MOA (INC-33) and e-AOA (INC-34) Drafting
  • INC-9 Auto-Generated Declaration
  • Up to 3 Directors and 3 Shareholders
  • Single Registered Office Verification
  • PAN and TAN Allotment
  • DIN Allotment for New Directors (up to 3)
  • INC-20A Commencement of Business Filing
  • Custom MOA AOA Drafting
  • Authorised Capital: Up to ₹10 lakh
  • Foreign Director Apostille
  • Multi-Class Share Structure
  • Certificate of Incorporation Delivery
  • WhatsApp Document Pickup
Most Popular ⭐
Professional
Custom MOA AOA + 90-day compliance
₹25,000/month
Annual: ₹300,000₹25,000 (Save ₹275,000)

  • SPICe+ Part A Name Reservation (2 names)
  • SPICe+ Part B Incorporation Filing
  • Custom Drafted MOA & AOA (Table F entrenched)
  • INC-9 Auto-Generated Declaration
  • Up to 5 Directors and 5 Shareholders
  • Single Registered Office Verification
  • PAN and TAN Allotment
  • DIN Allotment for New Directors (up to 5)
  • INC-20A Commencement of Business Filing
  • First Board Meeting Minutes (Section 173)
  • First Auditor Appointment (Section 139(6))
  • Share Allotment & Share Certificates (SH-1)
  • Statutory Registers (MBP-1
Premium
Foreign director + investor-ready
₹65,000/month
Annual: ₹780,000₹65,000 (Save ₹715,000)

  • SPICe+ Part A Name Reservation (2 names)
  • SPICe+ Part B Incorporation Filing
  • Custom Drafted MOA & AOA with Entrenchment (Section 5(3))
  • INC-9 Auto-Generated Declaration
  • Up to 7 Directors and 7 Shareholders
  • Single Registered Office Verification
  • PAN and TAN Allotment
  • DIN Allotment for New Directors (up to 7)
  • INC-20A Commencement of Business Filing
  • First Board Meeting Minutes (Section 173)
  • First Auditor Appointment (Section 139(6))
  • Share Allotment & Share Certificates (SH-1)
  • Statutory Registers (MBP-1

Swipe to see all plans

Prices exclude GST. For enterprise pricing, call 9566-068-468.

Why FilingPro?

Why Adyar Clients Choose FilingPro

Expert Pvt Ltd in Adyar — qualified professionals, 15+ years experience, zero-penalty track record.

Section 90 Significant Beneficial Owner Mapping

Beneficial ownership is traced through layered structures to the natural person crossing the ten per cent threshold. The BEN-1 declaration is captured on share allotment and the BEN-2 filing is calendared at twenty-five days, leaving five days of buffer before the statutory deadline.

Section 184 Director Disclosure Initiated

The first board meeting agenda includes a structured disclosure of interest exercise. Each director's other directorships, partnerships, shareholdings above two per cent and family connections are captured in MBP-1 and entered in the register of contracts maintained under Section 189.

INC-20A Commencement Filing Calendared

The Section 10A commencement of business declaration is filed after subscription money is received in the bank account. We track the 180-day deadline from the date printed on the certificate, file by day 150, and free the company from Section 248(1)(d) strike-off exposure with material buffer.

Section 128 Record Retention Architecture

Books of account, MOA, AOA, certificate of incorporation, INC-20A acknowledgement, statutory registers, share certificate counterfoils and board minutes are organised in a folder structure that maps directly to Section 128(5) eight-year retention. Section 207 inspections years later find documents at first request.

SPICe+ Part A Distinctness Check

Every proposed name is screened against Rule 8 distinctness, Rule 8A undesirable names list and existing CIN/LLPIN database before submission. Adyar clients avoid the rejection cycle of name resubmission that delays incorporation by weeks.

e-MOA INC-33 With Section 4(1) Compliant Object Clause

Object clauses are framed in plain language tied to the actual business. NBFC, Nidhi, Insurance, Stock Broking, Banking and Microfinance overlaps are explicitly excluded — Reserve Bank Section 45-IA registration, IRDAI license or SEBI approval is not inadvertently triggered for Adyar clients.

Key Benefits

What Adyar Clients Get

Every Pvt Ltd Company Registration engagement delivers measurable, guaranteed outcomes — expert professionals, on time, every time.

Section 12 Registered Office Verification
Registered office documented with utility bill, property tax receipt and owner NOC. Where address is intimated post-incorporation, INC-22 filed within 30 days of incorporation under Rule 25 — Section 12(9) physical verification passed cleanly.
Section 10A INC-20A Within 180 Days
INC-20A commencement of business declaration filed within 180 days of incorporation under Rule 23A. Adyar clients on Professional and Premium plans never face ₹50,000 company penalty or Section 248(1)(d) strike-off.
Section 173 Board Meeting Minutes
First board meeting minutes drafted under Section 173 and signed by chairman within 30 days. Section 184 disclosure of interest in MBP-1, Section 139(6) auditor appointment, banking resolution and preliminary expenses approval all minuted under Section 118.
Section 90 SBO Declaration
Significant Beneficial Owner identification under Section 90 read with the SBO Rules 2018 done at incorporation. BEN-1 declaration from each SBO and BEN-2 filing by the company within 30 days — Section 90(11) ₹10 lakh penalty exposure prevented.
Foreign Director Apostille Coordination
For Adyar promoters with foreign nationals as proposed first directors, passport and address proof are apostilled under the Hague Apostille Convention 1961 (or consularised through the Indian Embassy in non-signatory countries) — DIN allotted without rejection.
Litigation-Ready Record Retention
MOA, AOA, INC-32/33/34, INC-9, INC-22, INC-20A, MBP-1, BEN-2, board minutes, share certificates, members register and statutory registers retained for at least 8 years under Section 128(5) — meeting Section 207 inspection and Section 206 inquiry requirements.
Comparison

Private Limited vs LLP

Why this matters here — Across Adyar, the cluster of it services, education, hospitality businesses that defines Adyar's commercial fabric. Practitioners note that served by short connections to Besant Nagar and Kotturpuram and onward to central Chennai.

AspectPrivate LimitedLLP
Charter documentsMemorandum of Association in Table A to F of Schedule I and Articles of Association in Table F drafted with the SPICe+ INC-33 and INC-34 e-MoA / e-AoALLP Agreement filed in Form 3 within 30 days of incorporation under Rule 21 of the LLP Rules 2009; the LLP Act default provisions of the First Schedule apply if no agreement
Capital architectureAuthorised and paid-up share capital concept; subscriber declaration in INC-9 and INC-32 captures paid-up capital; stamp duty payable State-wise on the authorised amountContribution-based architecture under Section 32 LLP Act; no concept of share capital; contribution may be tangible or intangible and is recorded in the LLP Agreement
Director / partner thresholdMinimum two directors and maximum fifteen directors under Section 149(1); at least one resident director per Section 149(3); independent director not mandatedMinimum two designated partners with one resident designated partner under Section 7(1) proviso; no upper cap; DPIN allotted via Form DIR-3 equivalent through FiLLiP
Compliance loadAnnual filing of AOC-4 and MGT-7 under Sections 137 and 92; statutory audit mandatory regardless of turnover per Section 139; board meetings under Section 173 at quarterly intervalsAnnual filing of Form 8 and Form 11; audit triggered only if turnover exceeds ₹40 lakh or contribution exceeds ₹25 lakh under Rule 24(8) of the LLP Rules
Taxation regimeDomestic company rate of 25 per cent under Section 115BA / 22 per cent under Section 115BAA / 15 per cent for new manufacturing under Section 115BAB; MAT under Section 115JB on book profit at 15 per centFlat 30 per cent income tax under Section 167 of the Income Tax Act read with the First Schedule to the Finance Act; AMT at 18.5 per cent under Section 115JC; no dividend distribution layer
Distribution to ownersDividend declared under Section 123 taxed in shareholder's hands after Finance Act 2020 abolished DDT; subject to TDS under Section 194 at 10 per cent above ₹5,000Profit share to partners is exempt in partner hands under Section 10(2A); remuneration to working partners deductible to the LLP subject to Section 40(b) ceilings
External funding opticsPreferred vehicle for venture capital, FDI and ESOP issuance; rights issue under Section 62 and private placement under Section 42 are well-codifiedFDI permitted only under the automatic route in sectors with no performance-linked conditions per Press Note 1 of 2011; not preferred by institutional investors
Director qualification disabilityDirectors face Section 164 disqualification on non-filing of financial statements for three consecutive years or on conviction-based grounds in Section 164(1)No equivalent Section 164 trigger; designated partner disqualification is limited to the narrow grounds under Section 7(2) and partner-misconduct provisions of Section 30 LLP Act
Strike-off pathwaySuo motu strike-off by Registrar under Section 248(1) for two-year non-operation, or voluntary strike-off under Section 248(2) by filing STK-2 with prescribed declarationsVoluntary strike-off via Form 24 under Rule 37 of the LLP Rules 2009 after the LLP has discontinued business; simpler procedure than Section 248
Conversion flexibilityConversion to LLP permitted under Section 56 LLP Act and Third Schedule subject to no security on assets and consent of all shareholders and creditorsConversion to private limited under Section 366 of the Companies Act 2013 via Form URC-1; requires minimum seven partners or restructuring of partner base before conversion
Statutory anchorSection 2(68) read with Section 7 of the Companies Act 2013; incorporation via SPICe+ under Rule 38 of the Companies (Incorporation) Rules 2014Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008 read with Section 11 LLP Act and Rules 11 to 19 of the LLP Rules 2009; incorporation via FiLLiP
Minimum subscribersTwo subscribers and two directors at incorporation under Section 3(1)(b) and Section 149(1)(a); cap of two hundred members per Section 2(68)(ii)Two designated partners at incorporation under Section 7(1) of the LLP Act with no upper cap on the number of partners
Documents Required

Documents for Pvt Ltd Company Registration

Share documents via WhatsApp to 9566-068-468. No office visit required for Adyar clients.

PAN of every proposed director and subscriber (mandatory; foreign nationals submit passport)
Aadhaar of every Indian-resident director and subscriber for e-KYC and DIN linkage
Recent passport-size photograph of every proposed director and subscriber, JPEG format
Address proof of registered office — utility bill (electricity/gas/landline) not older than two months, plus property tax receipt or registered lease/rent agreement
No-Objection Certificate from the owner of the registered office premises permitting use as registered office, signed and dated
MOA and AOA draft — object clauses, capital structure (authorised, subscribed, paid-up), entrenchment provisions if any under Section 5(3)
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Statutory Deadlines

Compliance deadlines that matter

Miss any of these and the next consequence kicks in automatically.

Deadlines in this neighbourhood — Across Adyar, Adyar businesses in the it services arm find that businesses here routinely handle export-of-services GST refunds under Rule 89 and SOFTEX form reconciliation. Practitioners note that the business activity radiating outward from IIT Madras and nearby commercial pockets.

Trigger eventDaysFormConsequence
Approval of name through SPICe+ Part A20 daysSPICe+ Part BName reservation lapses under Rule 9 and a fresh SPICe+ Part A with fresh fee is required
Date of incorporation of a company having share capital180 daysINC-20APenalty of fifty thousand rupees on the company and one thousand rupees per day per officer in default up to one lakh under Section 10A; Registrar may strike off the name
Date of incorporation where registered office address was not included in SPICe+30 daysINC-22Penalty under Section 12(8) of one thousand rupees per day up to one lakh on company and every officer in default
Date of incorporation — first board meeting30 daysInternal minutes registerSection 173(1) compliance default; directors exposed to ₹25,000 fine for non-holding
Date of incorporation — commencement of business declaration180 daysINC-20ASection 10A(3) penalty of ₹50,000 on company and ₹1,000 per day on each officer in default capped at ₹1 lakh; striking-off risk
Close of first financial year — financial statement filing30 daysAOC-4 (filed within 30 days of AGM)Section 137(3) penalty of ₹10,000 on company plus ₹100 per day continuing default capped at ₹2 lakh on company and ₹50,000 on every officer in default
Change in registered office within the same city30 daysINC-22Penalty under Section 12(8) of one thousand rupees per day on company and every officer up to one lakh
Allotment of shares to subscribers on incorporation30 daysPAS-3Penalty under Section 39(5) of one thousand rupees per day of default up to one lakh on the company and every officer in default

Deadline pressure points we see in Adyar: Where Adyar differs: supporting the IT-services workforce that commutes here from OMR Velachery and Anna Nagar. We see for Adyar IT-services firms managing export-LUT cycles alongside payroll and TDS.

Forms Library

Forms used in this engagement

Forms most asked about here — Across Adyar, where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds. Practitioners note that supporting the IT-services workforce that commutes here from OMR Velachery and Anna Nagar.

INC-22Notice of Situation or Change of Situation of Registered Office

Filed to verify the registered office address where the same was not declared in SPICe+, or on any subsequent change of registered office, supported by utility bill and NOC from owner

Within 30 days of incorporation or change Registrar of Companies
DIR-2Consent to Act as Director

Written consent by every person proposed for first directorship to act as director, attached to SPICe+ Part B; failure renders the appointment void ab initio

Before incorporation Filed with the company, attached to SPICe+ Part B
DIR-3 KYCApplication for KYC of Directors

Annual KYC filing by every individual holding a DIN as on 31 March; captures mobile, email and address with OTP verification, supported by DSC and certification by a practising professional

On or before 30 September following the relevant 31 March Central Registration Centre
PAS-3Return of Allotment

Return of allotment of securities filed on every allotment including allotment to subscribers on incorporation, listing the allottees, number of shares, consideration, and date of allotment

Within 30 days of allotment Registrar of Companies
ADT-1Notice of Appointment of Auditor

Intimation to the Registrar of appointment of statutory auditor under Section 139, capturing the period of appointment and the auditor's firm registration number

Within 15 days of appointment by Board / members Registrar of Companies
MBP-1Notice of Interest by Director

Disclosure by every director of his concern or interest in other companies, body corporates, firms or other association of individuals, given to the company for placing before the Board

First Board meeting on appointment and first Board meeting of every financial year thereafter Filed with the company; preserved in records
SPICe+ Part ASimplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus — Part A

Web-based form for reservation of name for a proposed new company; up to two name proposals may be submitted with relevant industrial activity code and brief object

Filed before SPICe+ Part B; approved name valid for 20 days Central Registration Centre, MCA portal
SPICe+ Part BSimplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus — Part B

Integrated incorporation form capturing capital structure, subscribers, first directors, registered office address, and triggering allotment of DIN, PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC, profession tax and optional GSTIN

Within 20 days of name approval under SPICe+ Part A Central Registration Centre, MCA portal

Pvt Ltd Company Registration in Adyar, Chennai 600020

Every Adyar engagement we open begins with the basics: PIN 600020, the Mylapore Division, and the coordinates 13.0064, 80.2570 that anchor the locality. The 600xx geo-zone covering Adyar groups several locality clusters under common administration, keeping documentation expectations predictable. Approvals, acknowledgements and queries for Adyar businesses tie back to the Mylapore Division, so our Pvt Ltd cadence accounts for how that office works. Adyar (PIN 600020) falls under the Mylapore Division of the Chennai South, the jurisdiction that handles statutory matters for businesses at this PIN.

Adyar reads as a premium residential and education hub pocket with high commercial activity, anchored around Adyar Cancer Institute and fed by the Adyar Depot corridor. Vendors and customers tied to the Adyar Depot network show up across the invoice trail we reconcile for Adyar Pvt Ltd Company Registration clients. The businesses clustered around Adyar Cancer Institute in Adyar drive the bulk of the Pvt Ltd Company Registration workload we see each cycle. Most commerce in Adyar — invoices, expenses, purchases and statutory records — eventually surfaces in the Pvt Ltd working file we maintain for clients here.

The it services firms we serve in Adyar value a Pvt Ltd partner who already understands their sector's compliance rhythm. A it services operator in Adyar gets a Pvt Ltd workflow shaped by sector norms, not a one-size-fits-all template. it services units around Adyar share recurring Pvt Ltd patterns — input-credit timing, vendor reconciliation, and sector-specific documentation. We have closed enough Pvt Ltd Company Registration files for it services firms near Adyar to know where the department usually probes.

We keep a repeatable Pvt Ltd checklist for Adyar so nothing in the cycle is improvised or missed. Our Adyar Pvt Ltd process is built to be predictable, documented, and on time, cycle after cycle. The Adyar Pvt Ltd Company Registration workflow is documented end-to-end: WhatsApp document intake, a working file, qualified review, and a filed acknowledgement back to you. The qualified-review step on every Adyar Pvt Ltd file is where errors get caught before they reach the portal.

Pvt Ltd Company Registration clients in Thiruvanmiyur are handled by the same practitioners who run our Adyar desk. From the same Adyar team we also serve Thiruvanmiyur and other nearby localities without re-onboarding clients. We treat Adyar and Thiruvanmiyur as one catchment for Pvt Ltd Company Registration, which keeps documentation and turnaround consistent. A client relocating between Adyar and Thiruvanmiyur keeps the same Pvt Ltd file and the same team.

Sector signals in Adyar — seasonal retail swings and peak-period volumes — shape how we schedule Pvt Ltd work. The longer we serve Adyar, the more precisely we predict where a Pvt Ltd file needs attention. Common patterns in the Mylapore Division give Adyar businesses an early-warning map we use to pre-empt Pvt Ltd issues. Recurring gaps in Adyar retail records are the first thing our Pvt Ltd Company Registration review closes out.

A startup setting up near Anna University in Adyar gets a Pvt Ltd foundation built for the Mylapore Division from day one. New education ventures in Adyar lean on us to stand up Pvt Ltd Company Registration correctly before the first deadline rather than after a notice. When a Kotturpuram business expands into Adyar, we extend its Pvt Ltd setup to PIN 600020 without disruption. For a new business incorporating in Adyar or shifting its principal place of business here, Pvt Ltd Company Registration setup is one of the first things to get right.

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Expert Guide

Pvt Ltd Company Registration in Adyar — Complete Guide

Where one or more proposed directors are foreign nationals, the passport and address proof require apostille under the Hague Convention 1961, or consularisation through the Indian mission for non-signatory countries. We coordinate with notaries abroad, ensure the apostille certificate is itself current, and map Section 149(3) resident director presence so the company crosses the 182-day threshold cleanly in its first financial year.

Private Limited Company Registration in Adyar, Chennai

SPICe+ Part A and Part B incorporation under Section 7 of the Companies Act 2013 for Adyar promoters, with DIN, PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC and bank account in one integrated window.

Company Registration Consultant in Adyar — Companies Act 2013

A practising professional in Adyar certifies SPICe+, drafts e-MOA and e-AOA in INC-33 and INC-34, and ensures Section 12 registered office verification and Section 10A INC-20A commencement filing within statutory windows.

MOA AOA Drafting and DIN Allotment in Adyar

Object clauses in the MOA are framed against Section 4(1)(c) without overlap into Section 8 charitable activities or regulated sectors needing sectoral NOC. DIN allotment under Section 153 is processed concurrently through SPICe+ for Adyar first directors.

INC-20A Commencement Compliance for Adyar Companies

Section 10A read with Rule 23A requires INC-20A to be filed within 180 days of incorporation declaring receipt of subscription money and registered office verification. Default attracts ₹50,000 company penalty and Section 248(1)(d) strike-off risk.

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Qualified professionals handle your Pvt Ltd in Adyar. WhatsApp documents — we begin within 24 hours. From ₹7,500/one-time. Free consultation.
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Key Facts — Pvt Ltd Company Registration in Adyar
SPICe+ Part A — two name proposals filed at ₹1,000 fee with Rule 8 distinctness check; reservation valid for 20 days for Adyar promoters.
SPICe+ Part B integrated with AGILE-PRO-S — DIN, PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC, Profession Tax and bank account allotted in one filing window.
e-MOA in INC-33 with Section 4(1) compliant Name, Registered Office, Object, Liability, Capital and Subscription clauses.
e-AOA in INC-34 adopting Schedule I Table F for companies limited by shares; entrenchment provisions under Section 5(3) where investor-protected.
INC-9 declaration auto-generated and DSC-signed by every subscriber and first director — no separate notarised affidavit since 23-Feb-2020.
Section 149(3) compliance — at least one director resident in India for 182 days mapped at incorporation for Adyar companies with foreign promoters.
Class 3 DSC procured for every subscriber, director and certifying professional under CCA mandate effective 1-Jan-2021.
INC-20A commencement of business filed within 180 days under Section 10A — penalty exposure of ₹50,000 plus ₹1,000/day eliminated.
Section 173 first board meeting minutes drafted within 30 days; Section 139(6) first auditor appointed within 30 days of incorporation.
Litigation-ready record retention under Section 128 — MOA, AOA, INC-32/33/34, INC-9, INC-20A and statutory registers preserved for 8 years.
People Also Ask — Pvt Ltd in Adyar
How long does private limited registration take through SPICe+ in Adyar?
With clean documentation and successful Aadhaar e-KYC, the typical timeline from name reservation in SPICe+ Part A to issue of the Certificate of Incorporation under Section 7(2) is 7 to 10 working days. Name reservation itself is 1 to 3 working days. Part B incorporation post-reservation takes 4 to 7 working days subject to MCA processing load and registered office verification under Section 12(9).
Is there any minimum paid-up capital for incorporating a private limited?
No. The Companies (Amendment) Act 2015 effective 29-May-2015 omitted the earlier ₹1,00,000 minimum paid-up capital requirement. A private company may today be incorporated with any paid-up capital agreed among the subscribers. Stamp duty is computed on authorised capital declared in the MOA — Tamil Nadu levies 0.15% of authorised capital subject to floor of ₹200 and ceiling of ₹50,000.
Can a single registered address be used for multiple companies in Adyar?
Yes. There is no statutory bar in Section 12 against multiple companies sharing the same registered office address, provided each company is independently capable of receiving and acknowledging communications. A common scenario is group companies with shared corporate office. The owner's NOC, utility bill and property tax receipt are submitted afresh with each SPICe+ application.
Is INC-20A mandatory and what is the penalty for default?
Section 10A read with Rule 23A requires every company having share capital incorporated on or after 2-Nov-2018 to file INC-20A within 180 days declaring receipt of subscription money and verified registered office. Default attracts penalty of ₹50,000 on the company and ₹1,000 per day per officer up to ₹1,00,000. The Registrar may also initiate Section 248(1)(d) strike-off of companies that have not filed INC-20A.
Can a foreign national be a first director of an Indian private limited?
Yes. Section 149 places no nationality bar on directorship subject to the Section 149(3) resident director requirement — at least one director must have stayed in India for 182 days in the financial year. The foreign national obtains DIN through SPICe+ supported by passport apostilled under the Hague Apostille Convention 1961 (or consularised in non-signatory countries) and address proof attested by Notary Public of the home country.
What is the difference between authorised capital and paid-up capital?
Authorised capital is the maximum nominal value of shares the company is empowered by its MOA Capital Clause to issue. Paid-up capital is the value of shares actually subscribed and paid for by shareholders. A company may be incorporated with ₹10 lakh authorised capital but issue and call up only ₹1 lakh paid-up. Stamp duty is paid on authorised capital. Issue beyond authorised capital requires MGT-14 special resolution and SH-7 filing under Section 61.
What is DIN and how is it obtained for a director?

Director Identification Number is allotted under Section 153 of the Companies Act 2013. For a first-time director, DIN is auto-allotted through SPICe+ Part B. For subsequent appointments, DIR-3 application is filed with the practitioner certification.

What is DSC and who needs it?

Digital Signature Certificate issued under the Information Technology Act 2000 is mandatory for every subscriber and director to e-sign SPICe+ forms, INC-9 declaration, e-MoA INC-33 and e-AoA INC-34. Class 3 DSC issued by a certifying authority is required.

Can a private limited be converted to a public limited later?

Yes, conversion to public limited is permitted under Section 14 of the Companies Act 2013 via special resolution altering the AoA and MoA, deletion of restrictive clauses under Section 2(68), and filing of MGT-14 with the Registrar.

Can I incorporate a one-person company instead?

Yes, an Indian-resident natural person may incorporate an OPC under Section 2(62) of the Companies Act 2013 via SPICe+. Conversion to private limited is mandatory once paid-up capital exceeds ₹50 lakh or turnover exceeds ₹2 crore in two FYs.

What name can I choose for a private limited?

Name must be distinctive, not identical or undesirably similar to existing entities, not violate Emblems and Names Act 1950, and end with 'Private Limited'. Rule 8 and Rule 8A of the Incorporation Rules govern name selection and resemblance tests.

How is private limited taxation different from a proprietorship?

Private limited is taxed at 22 per cent under Section 115BAA or 15 per cent under Section 115BAB for new manufacturers; MAT under Section 115JB applies. Proprietorship is taxed at individual slab rates without separate corporate-distribution layer.

What Adyar clients want to know before signing: Where Adyar differs: in the premium residential and education hub micro-market of Adyar. We see where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds.

Expert Guide

A complete walkthrough — Pvt Limited Registration

Localised for Adyar, Chennai — where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds.

Reading this guide locally — Across Adyar, around the IIT Madras catchment of Adyar. Practitioners note that Adyar businesses in the it services arm find that businesses here routinely handle export-of-services GST refunds under Rule 89 and SOFTEX form reconciliation.

What Private Limited incorporation means under Indian company law

Statutory framework under Section 7

Private Limited incorporation in India is governed by Section 7 of the Companies Act 2013 read with the Companies (Incorporation) Rules 2014. Section 7(1) requires the subscribers to the memorandum to file an application with the Registrar within whose jurisdiction the registered office of the company is to be situated, accompanied by the MOA and AOA duly signed by the subscribers, a declaration by a professional that the requirements of the Act and Rules have been complied with, a declaration from each subscriber and first director in Form INC-9, the address for correspondence till the registered office is established, the particulars of subscribers and first directors with proof of identity, and the particulars of first directors with their DIN and consent in Form DIR-2. Section 7(2) provides that the Registrar shall on the basis of the documents filed register the memorandum and articles and issue a Certificate of Incorporation in Form INC-11 with a Corporate Identity Number. The CIN under Section 7(3) is the company's unique identifier for all subsequent statutory filings.

Distinction from One Person Company and LLP

Section 2(68) defines a Private Limited as a company having a minimum paid-up share capital as may be prescribed and which by its articles restricts the right to transfer its shares, limits the number of members to two hundred (excluding present and former employee-members) and prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any securities. The OPC under Section 2(62) is a company with only one person as member — a sub-form of Private Limited but with restrictions on conversion above turnover / capital thresholds under Rule 6 of the Incorporation Rules. The LLP under the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008 is a hybrid form with partner-based governance under the LLP Agreement, no minimum capital, and a simpler annual filing regime under Form 8 and Form 11. The choice among Private Limited, OPC and LLP turns on the number of promoters, the need for ESOP issuance, contemplation of external investment under Section 42, and the comfort with annual compliance cost.

Limited liability and separate legal personality

The foundational doctrine of Private Limited incorporation is separate legal personality, articulated by the House of Lords in Salomon v A Salomon and Co Ltd [1897] and adopted by Indian jurisprudence in Tata Engineering and Locomotive Co Ltd v State of Bihar [1965 SCR 391]. The company is a distinct legal person from its members and directors, capable of holding property, suing and being sued in its own name. Liability of members under Section 2(22) is limited to the amount unpaid on the shares held. The corporate veil can be lifted only in narrow circumstances — fraud, sham, evasion of statutory obligation — as elaborated in Vodafone International Holdings BV v Union of India [2012 6 SCC 613]. The limited-liability shield is the principal commercial advantage of Private Limited over proprietorship and partnership, and is the reason promoters of consequence almost invariably elect the Private Limited form for ventures with external counterparties.

Stamp duty on incorporation by State

Post-incorporation stamp duty events

Beyond incorporation, several events trigger State stamp duty: increase in authorised capital under Section 61 (additional duty on the incremental amount, paid with SH-7); issuance of share certificates under Section 56 and Rule 6 of the Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules 2014 (stamp duty under Article 19 of the Stamp Act, typically ₹1 per ₹1,000 of share value, payable within thirty days of issuance); transfer of shares (stamp duty at 0.015% of consideration or value, whichever is higher, under the Indian Stamp (Amendment) Act 2019 read with the Indian Stamp (Collection of Stamp-duty through Stock Exchanges, Clearing Corporations and Depositories) Rules 2019 — applies through the depository for demat shares); issuance of debentures (0.005% of face value); and registration of charges (varies by State).

State Stamp Acts and Schedule I

Stamp duty on the MOA, AOA and the share-capital allotment at incorporation is levied under the Indian Stamp Act 1899 as applied to each State, or under the State-specific Stamp Act where the State has enacted its own (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu have variations). The duty is typically computed as a percentage of authorised share capital, with a minimum and maximum cap. SPICe+ has an integrated stamp-duty payment module that calculates the duty based on the State of registered office declared in Part A and remits it to the State Treasury. The duty applies once at incorporation; subsequent increases in authorised capital under Section 61 attract additional duty on the incremental amount, payable along with the SH-7 filing.

Tamil Nadu duty structure

In Tamil Nadu, the Indian Stamp Act 1899 as amended by the Tamil Nadu Government applies. The stamp duty on Memorandum of Association under Article 39 of Schedule I to the Indian Stamp Act (Tamil Nadu) is ₹200. The stamp duty on Articles of Association under Article 10 is 0.5% of authorised share capital subject to a maximum of ₹5,00,000. For incorporation with authorised capital of ₹1 lakh, the total stamp duty is approximately ₹700; for authorised capital of ₹10 lakh, approximately ₹5,200; for authorised capital of ₹1 crore, approximately ₹50,200. The duty is paid through the SPICe+ integrated module to the Tamil Nadu Treasury. Where additional places of business are in Tamil Nadu, no further State-specific stamp duty is triggered at the incorporation stage — INC-22 changes attract a flat ₹100 duty.

Post-incorporation compliance — PAN TAN GST

Section 10A commencement declaration

Section 10A inserted by the Companies (Amendment) Act 2019 requires every company incorporated after 2 November 2018 having a share capital to file a declaration of commencement of business in Form INC-20A within 180 days of incorporation. The declaration is filed by a director and certified by a practising professional confirming that every subscriber to the memorandum has paid the value of shares agreed to be taken by him on the date of making of such declaration, and that the company has filed with the Registrar verification of its registered office in INC-22. Non-filing attracts a penalty of ₹50,000 on the company and ₹1,000 per day on every officer in default up to ₹1 lakh. The Registrar can also strike off the company under Section 248(1)(b) for non-filing.

EPFO ESIC PT and Shop & Establishment

Beyond PAN, TAN and GSTIN, post-incorporation compliances include EPFO Establishment Code activation (mandatory from twenty employees under EPF & MP Act 1952), ESIC Code activation (mandatory from ten employees in covered areas under ESI Act 1948), Profession Tax registration in States other than those integrated in AGILE-PRO-S, Shop and Establishment registration under the State Shops and Establishments Act (Tamil Nadu Shops and Establishments Act 1947, with online registration through the Labour Department portal), Labour Welfare Fund contribution registration (annual in Tamil Nadu), MSME registration through Udyam portal (optional but commonly opted for benefits under MSMED Act 2006), and sectoral licences as applicable (FSSAI, Drug Licence, IEC, BIS, etc.). The order of obtaining these depends on the business activity and the time horizon to commencement.

PAN and TAN through SPICe+

PAN under Section 139A of the Income Tax Act 1961 and TAN under Section 203A are allotted automatically along with the Certificate of Incorporation through the SPICe+ integration with the Income Tax Department's PAN / TAN systems. The PAN is the company's identifier for all income-tax filings, including ITR-6 annual returns, advance tax instalments under Section 211, TDS deduction obligations, and assessment proceedings. The TAN is required for deducting tax at source under Chapter XVII-B, filing quarterly TDS returns (Form 24Q for salaries, 26Q for non-salary domestic, 27Q for non-resident, 27EQ for TCS), and issuing TDS certificates (Form 16 / 16A). PAN and TAN are typically generated within forty-eight hours of the Certificate of Incorporation issuance.

Annual return AOC-4 and MGT-7

MGT-7 / MGT-7A annual return

Section 92(1) read with Rule 11 of the Companies (Management and Administration) Rules 2014 requires every company to prepare a return called the annual return in Form MGT-7 (MGT-7A for OPCs and small companies under the 2021 amendment) containing the particulars as on the close of the financial year — registered office, principal business activities, particulars of holding / subsidiary / associate companies, shares / debentures / other securities and shareholding pattern, indebtedness, members and debenture holders, promoters / directors / KMP and changes therein, meetings of members / board / committees and attendance, remuneration of directors and KMP, penalty / punishment / compounding of offences, certification of compliances, and shareholding pattern. The return must be filed within sixty days of the AGM. Certification by a Company Secretary is required for listed companies and companies with paid-up capital ≥ ₹10 crore or turnover ≥ ₹50 crore.

Board's report under Section 134

Section 134(3) prescribes the contents of the Board's Report to be attached to the financial statements — extract of annual return (now replaced by web-link to MGT-7 under the 2017 amendment), number of board meetings, directors' responsibility statement, frauds reported by auditors, policy on directors' appointment and remuneration, declarations from independent directors (where applicable), explanations to qualifications in the audit report, particulars of loans / guarantees / investments under Section 186, particulars of related-party transactions in AOC-2 under Section 188, state of company's affairs, transfers to reserves and dividend declared, material changes between balance-sheet date and signing date, conservation of energy / technology absorption / foreign exchange particulars under Section 134(3)(m), risk management policy, CSR particulars (where Section 135 applies), and the like. The Board's Report is signed by the Chairperson or by two directors.

Late-filing additional fees

Late filing of AOC-4 and MGT-7 attracts additional fees under the Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Rules 2014 at ₹100 per day of delay, with no maximum cap — the additional fee accumulates indefinitely until the form is filed. The Companies (Amendment) Act 2020 also empowers the Registrar to initiate adjudication proceedings under Section 454 for non-filing, with penalty under Section 92(5) on the company at ₹10,000 plus ₹100 per day up to ₹5 lakh, and on every officer in default at ₹10,000 plus ₹100 per day up to ₹2 lakh. Persistent non-filing for two consecutive years triggers Section 248(1)(c) strike-off proceedings and Section 164(2) director disqualification for five years. Late-filing additional fees and Section 454 adjudication are independent — both can apply concurrently.

What Adyar clients usually ask next: Where Adyar differs: supporting the IT-services workforce that commutes here from OMR Velachery and Anna Nagar. We see where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds; for Adyar IT-services firms managing export-LUT cycles alongside payroll and TDS.

Glossary

Plain-English glossary for this service

Terms you will hear in this area — Across Adyar, where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds.

Share Certificate

Share certificate in Form SH-1 is the document issued by the company evidencing the title of a member to the shares specified. Section 56(4)(a) requires share certificates to be issued within two months of allotment of shares, including allotment to subscribers on incorporation, signed by two directors or a director and company secretary.

Register of Members

Register of members in Form MGT-1 under Section 88 is the statutory register maintained by every company recording particulars of shareholders, shares held, and dates of entry and cessation. The register is open for inspection by members and the public on payment of prescribed fees and forms the basis for ascertaining voting rights.

PAN of the Company

Permanent Account Number of the company is the ten-character alphanumeric identifier issued by the Income Tax Department under Section 139A of the Income-tax Act 1961. For companies incorporated through SPICe+ since the integration in February 2020, the PAN is allotted automatically by CBDT and reproduced on the Certificate of Incorporation INC-11.

TAN of the Company

Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number of the company is the ten-character alphanumeric identifier issued by the Income Tax Department under Section 203A, required for deducting and depositing TDS and TCS. For companies incorporated through SPICe+, TAN is allotted along with PAN and printed on the Certificate of Incorporation in Form INC-11.

EPFO Registration on Incorporation

Provident fund registration is mandatorily allotted through AGILE-PRO-S along with SPICe+ Part B by the Employees Provident Fund Organisation. Provident fund contribution becomes payable when the company employs twenty or more employees, but the allotted code remains dormant until that threshold is crossed and the company files its first ECR.

ESIC Registration on Incorporation

Employees State Insurance Corporation registration is mandatorily allotted through AGILE-PRO-S along with SPICe+ Part B. Contribution becomes payable when the company employs ten or more employees drawing wages up to twenty-one thousand rupees per month, but the allotted code remains dormant until coverage is triggered.

Profession Tax Registration

Profession tax registration is required of the company as employer in States that levy profession tax. The AGILE-PRO-S currently handles profession tax registration on incorporation only for Maharashtra and Karnataka. In Tamil Nadu and other States, the company must apply separately to the municipal corporation having jurisdiction over the registered office.

GSTIN on Incorporation

Goods and Services Tax Identification Number is offered as an optional registration through AGILE-PRO-S filed along with SPICe+ Part B. Opting in triggers a GST registration application that is then processed under CGST Section 25 read with Rule 8. Companies expecting to cross the threshold within the first quarter typically opt in at incorporation.

Bank Account Opening on Incorporation

AGILE-PRO-S facilitates opening of a current account for the new company with a partner bank by transmitting the incorporation data to the bank chosen by the applicant. The bank completes its own KYC and account-opening formalities thereafter. The subscription money received in this account is the evidence required for Section 10A declaration.

Subscription Money

Subscription money is the amount paid by each subscriber towards the value of shares undertaken in the memorandum. Section 10A requires every subscriber to have paid the subscription money before a director can file the Form INC-20A declaration of commencement of business within one hundred and eighty days of incorporation.

Director Disqualification

Director disqualification under Section 164 covers grounds such as unsoundness of mind, undischarged insolvency, conviction for an offence carrying imprisonment of seven years or more, non-filing of financial statements or annual returns for three consecutive financial years, and certain other categories. A disqualified individual cannot be appointed as first director through SPICe+.

Resident Director

Section 149(3) requires every company to have at least one director who has stayed in India for a total period of not less than one hundred and eighty-two days during the financial year. For a newly incorporated company, the requirement applies proportionately. Compliance is essential for foreign-owned subsidiaries and FDI-funded ventures.

Cost of Non-Compliance

Real-world penalty exposure

Numerical examples showing tax + interest + penalty across common default scenarios.

Penalty exposure typical of this micro-market — Across Adyar, Adyar businesses in the it services arm find that businesses here routinely handle export-of-services GST refunds under Rule 89 and SOFTEX form reconciliation. Practitioners note that supporting the IT-services workforce that commutes here from OMR Velachery and Anna Nagar.

ScenarioBase taxInterestPenaltyTotal
Stamp duty under-paid on MOA at incorporation under State Stamp ActNilNilDifferential stamp duty plus penalty up to 10 times the deficient duty under Article 10 read with State stamp law; impounding of MOA possibleUp to 10x deficiency
DPT-3 annual return not filed by 30 June capturing director / member loansNilNil₹5,000 on company plus ₹500 per day continuing default; officers similar (Rule 21 of Deposit Rules read with Section 76A in deposit cases)₹5,000 + per-day fine
MSME-1 half-yearly filing missed for delayed payments to MSME vendorsNilSection 16 MSMED interest at three times bank rate from appointed day₹25,000 on company and ₹25,000 to ₹3,00,000 on every officer in default under Section 405(4); plus MSMED interest payable to suppliers₹25,000 + officer fines + MSMED interest
Section 73 deposit rules violated — member loans accepted without complianceNilRepayment with interest at the contracted rate plus penalty interestRepayment of deposit with interest plus fine ₹1 crore to ₹10 crore on company; officer fine ₹25 lakh to ₹2 crore plus imprisonment up to seven years under Section 76ARepayment + ₹1 crore fine floor
Section 42 private placement breach — application money used before allotmentNilNilMoney treated as deposit attracting Section 73 / 76A rigour; refund with interest plus fine up to ₹2 crore on company under Section 42(10)Refund + fine up to ₹2 crore
Section 186 inter-corporate loan limit breached without special resolutionNilNilFine ₹25,000 to ₹5,00,000 on company; officer fine ₹10,000 to ₹1,00,000 with imprisonment up to two years (Section 186(13))Up to ₹5,00,000 + officer fines

How Adyar businesses typically avoid these: Where Adyar differs: the cluster of it services, education, hospitality businesses that defines Adyar's commercial fabric. We see for Adyar IT-services firms managing export-LUT cycles alongside payroll and TDS.

By Industry

Industry-specific patterns in Adyar

How the local trade mix shapes this — Across Adyar, where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds. Practitioners note that the cluster of it services, education, hospitality businesses that defines Adyar's commercial fabric.

IT Services
Common issue: IT-services founders incorporating a Private Limited under Section 7 of the Companies Act 2013 frequently choose 'main object' language that is too narrow — drafting MOA Object Clause III(A) for 'software services to domestic clients' and later discovering they cannot raise overseas equity or undertake SaaS-licensing without an MOA amendment under Section 13. The narrow object clause also restricts FDI reporting flexibility under the Consolidated FDI Policy.
How we handle it: Draft Object Clause III(A) broadly enough to cover software development, IT-enabled services, SaaS-licensing, cloud-platform operation and digital-product distribution. Cross-reference NIC-2008 codes 6201, 6202, 6311 inside SPICe+ Part B. Where future-FDI inflow is contemplated, ensure the object permits sectoral activity under automatic-route entries 5.2.6 / 5.2.7 of the FDI Policy.
IT Services
Common issue: IT startups operating from co-working seats sometimes declare the co-working address as registered office under Section 12 with only an allocation letter. The Registrar of Companies issues a Form INC-22A (ACTIVE) deficiency on physical-verification failure because the seat is not exclusively allocated and lacks an independent rent agreement.
How we handle it: Procure a co-working bundle comprising the operator's own rent / lease deed copy, latest electricity bill in the operator's name and a notarised NOC for the specific seat allocation. File INC-22 within thirty days of incorporation with these three documents and a board resolution under Section 173 ratifying the address.
Healthcare
Common issue: Healthcare-clinic Private Limiteds frequently mis-classify the object clause as 'medical services' when the actual operation includes a pharmacy arm and diagnostic-lab arm. The narrow object triggers later registration friction under the Clinical Establishments Act and the State Pharmacy Council, and forces an MOA amendment.
How we handle it: Draft the MOA Object Clause III(A) to cover medical services, diagnostic laboratory services, pharmacy retail and tele-medicine in a single composite clause. Ensure NIC codes 8610, 8620, 8690 and 4772 are listed in SPICe+ Part B. This pre-empts the Section 13 special-resolution requirement.
Retail
Common issue: Family-run retail businesses converting from proprietorship to Private Limited often retain the same trading style without checking Section 4(2) name-availability. The proposed name is rejected by the Central Registration Centre because it is identical or too closely resembles an existing company name on the MCA master-data, costing two weeks and a fresh ₹1,000 RUN fee.
How we handle it: Run an MCA-21 name-search and a Trade Marks Registry public-search on the proposed name before filing SPICe+ Part A. Apply with two alternatives ranked by preference. Where the proprietorship trade name is well-established locally, append a distinguishing element such as 'Retail' or 'Mart' to satisfy Section 4(2) and Rule 8.
Hospitality
Common issue: Hotel and restaurant Private Limiteds operating from leased premises frequently produce a lease deed in the promoter's individual name as registered-office proof. The Registrar rejects the SPICe+ filing because Section 12(1) requires the registered office to be in the name of the company or to have a clear NOC from the lessee.
How we handle it: Either execute a fresh lease deed in the company's name after incorporation and file INC-22 within thirty days, or annex a notarised NOC from the individual lessee permitting the company to use the premises as registered office, along with the underlying lease deed and latest utility bill.
Case Studies

Anonymised engagements we have handled

Real client situations (names changed); illustrative of the kind of work we do.

A flavour of cases we handle nearby — Across Adyar, where IT consultancies and software-services arms file GST predominantly under SAC 9983 and claim export-of-services LUT refunds. Practitioners note that Adyar businesses in the it services arm find that businesses here routinely handle export-of-services GST refunds under Rule 89 and SOFTEX form reconciliation.

Stamp duty under-paymentE-Commerce

Stamp duty short-paid because founder used Maharashtra slab for a Tamil Nadu registered office

Issue: A bootstrapped e-commerce founder had registered her earlier LLP in Maharashtra and assumed the same MOA-AOA stamp duty rates would apply to her new Pvt Ltd at a Mylapore registered office. Tamil Nadu charges stamp duty on Articles of Association under the Indian Stamp Act 1899 read with the Tamil Nadu Stamp Act amendment — and the rate is structured very differently from Maharashtra. The SPICe+ stamp module flagged the deficit at submission and threw an INC-2 deficiency note.
Approach: We recomputed the stamp duty correctly using the TN slab for authorised capital of ₹10 lakh — Form INC-2 captures the State of registered office and applies the local slab automatically when the right State code is selected. We paid the differential through the MCA stamp duty module against the SRN, attached the proof under the Optional Attachments tab, and refiled. We now keep a State-wise stamp duty ready reckoner on the engagement intake form so the founder sees the right number before signing.
Outcome: Differential stamp duty of ₹3,400 paid through MCA portal; INC-2 deficiency cleared on the same business day; certificate of incorporation issued five working days later; we recovered the additional payment from the founder against a signed scope-of-work amendment.
INC-22 address proof rejectionCoaching

INC-22 registered office proof rejected because the rent agreement was unstamped

Issue: A coaching-centre founder in Kilpauk submitted an eleven-month rent agreement as INC-22 proof of registered office. The agreement was on plain paper, not on ₹100 non-judicial stamp paper as required by Article 35 of the Indian Stamp Act and Tamil Nadu Schedule. The CRC examiner flagged it as not legally enforceable and treated the address proof as defective. The thirty-day Section 12 window to intimate the registered office was already running.
Approach: We had the rent agreement re-executed on Tamil Nadu ₹100 stamp paper through a registered franking centre and got the landlord's notarised NOC on a separate ₹20 stamp. We attached the corrected agreement, the latest electricity bill in the landlord's name dated within two months, and the NOC into a single PDF in INC-22. We also confirmed the property tax receipt matched the landlord's name to pre-empt a follow-up query.
Outcome: INC-22 approved on resubmission within three working days; Section 12(8) penalty of ₹1,000 per day avoided because the company stayed inside the thirty-day window; we now insist on stamped-and-notarised rent agreement at the document intake stage before we even file SPICe+.
Paid-up capital declarationHealthcare

Paid-up capital declaration in INC-9 missed the bank statement match by ₹100

Issue: A two-doctor diagnostic-services company declared subscribed share capital of ₹1,00,000 in INC-9 but the founders deposited only ₹99,900 between the two of them into the newly opened company bank account. INC-20A commencement of business filing requires a bank statement showing receipt of full subscription money — Section 10A and Rule 23A of the Companies (Incorporation) Rules. The ₹100 mismatch caused the bank statement attachment to fail validation at the practising-professional certification stage.
Approach: We had each shareholder transfer the deficit so that the bank credits exactly matched the declared subscription amount and re-pulled a fresh bank statement showing both credits on the same day. We then filed INC-20A within the 180-day window with the corrected bank evidence, certified by a practising CA. We now share a one-page 'first banking checklist' with every promoter that lists the exact amounts to credit on day one.
Outcome: INC-20A filed and approved within seven working days; Section 10A(3) penalty of ₹50,000 on the company and ₹1,000 per day on each director avoided; bank account stood validated for the first audit; subscription money matched paid-up capital cleanly in the first financial statement.
DIN allotmentIT Services

Director PAN and Aadhaar mismatch held up DIN allotment for a returning NRI

Issue: An NRI co-founder returning from Dubai had his PAN reflecting the old surname order and his fresh Aadhaar showing the new order with a hyphen. SPICe+ Part B integrates with the income-tax PAN database and the UIDAI Aadhaar database for the proposed director's identity, and the name string has to match across both. The DIN allotment under Section 153 read with Rule 9 of the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules 2014 was held in 'pending verification' for over a week.
Approach: We did not try to push through with a mismatched record. Instead the co-founder filed a PAN correction request through Protean (formerly NSDL) with the Aadhaar copy as proof and we waited the standard fifteen working days for the updated PAN. We also applied for a fresh DSC after the PAN update so the DSC certificate carried the corrected name. SPICe+ Part B was refiled with both records aligned.
Outcome: Updated PAN received in eleven working days; DSC re-issued same-day; SPICe+ approved on the next attempt; DIN allotted along with the certificate of incorporation; we added an 'identity-record alignment check' as the first item on our NRI-founder intake worksheet.

Why these Adyar engagements look the way they do: Where Adyar differs: the cluster of it services, education, hospitality businesses that defines Adyar's commercial fabric. We see for Adyar IT-services firms managing export-LUT cycles alongside payroll and TDS.

Client Reviews

What Adyar Clients Say

Vignesh K
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“Incorporated my SaaS company through FilingPro in Adyar. Name reservation came through in two days, Part B with DIN, PAN and TAN was approved on day 8. The professional drafted the AOA with proper entrenchment for our investor round. Clean filing, no resubmission.”
2 months agoVerified Client
Sundararaman M
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“We had two foreign directors based in Singapore. The apostille coordination, DIN application and Section 149(3) resident director planning was handled methodically. INC-9 and Aadhaar e-KYC for the Indian co-founder went through without a single rejection. Highly professional.”
3 months agoVerified Client
Karthik S
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“Our family business required entrenched MOA and AOA to protect the existing partners' rights post-incorporation. FilingPro drafted the AOA under Section 5(3) with specific entrenchment clauses covering share transfer and director appointment. Other consultants we spoke to didn't even know what entrenchment meant.”
4 months agoVerified Client
Ramya P
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“The first board meeting minutes, Section 139(6) auditor appointment, share certificates and statutory registers were all delivered within 30 days of incorporation. INC-20A was filed on day 90 well within the 180-day window. We didn't have to chase anything.”
6 weeks agoVerified Client
Prakash V
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“Our previous CA missed the Section 10A INC-20A filing for an earlier company and we faced a ₹50,000 penalty plus daily officer penalty. FilingPro tracks every post-incorporation compliance window in a written calendar. That kind of discipline is rare.”
2 months agoVerified Client
Divya N
Pvt Ltd Company Registration
“The custom MOA object clause specifically excluded NBFC and Nidhi activities and stayed within Section 4(1)(c) — important since our business touches lending-adjacent fintech. The certifying professional's review caught one ambiguous sub-clause that could have triggered RBI sectoral NOC. Saved us months of rework.”
1 month agoVerified Client
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Common Questions

Pvt Ltd FAQ — Adyar

Common questions from Adyar clients. Call 9566-068-468 for specific queries.

Yes. Section 149 does not bar foreign nationals from directorship subject to Section 149(3) resident director requirement. The foreign national must obtain DIN — application supported by passport (apostilled in countries party to the Hague Apostille Convention 1961, otherwise consularised) and address proof. Identity and address proof must be attested by Notary Public of the home country and apostilled/consularised under the Companies (Registration of Foreign Companies) Rules 2014.
Section 455 enables a company that is formed for a future project or to hold an asset/intellectual property and has no significant accounting transaction to apply for dormant status in MSC-1. The company files MSC-3 annually with reduced compliance — minimum two board meetings spaced 90 days apart and exemption from rotation of auditors. Dormant status lasts up to five consecutive years; failing return to active status the Registrar may strike off under Section 248.
Yes — we handle Pvt Ltd Company Registration for individuals and businesses across Adyar (PIN 600020) and nearby Kotturpuram. The work is done end-to-end by our own team, with documents collected online over WhatsApp or email and in-person meetings available at our Maduravoyal and Nerkundram offices. Call 9566-068-468 to begin.
Two directors form the statutory floor for a private entity, three for a public one — both fixed by the relevant clauses of Section 149. The ceiling sits at fifteen, although passing a special resolution permits going higher without recourse to Central Government sanction, by virtue of the proviso embedded in the same section. Section 149(3) layers an additional condition — at least one director must accumulate one-eighty-two days of physical Indian presence inside the financial year. In the year of incorporation this presence is reckoned proportionately to the months elapsed since the certificate date. Articles can also impose a tighter cap.
For first-time directors who do not already hold a DIN, the Director Identification Number is allotted simultaneously with incorporation through SPICe+ Part B itself — a separate DIR-3 application is not required. Section 153 read with Rule 9 of the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules 2014 governs allotment. Up to three DINs can be applied through SPICe+ for proposed first directors. Existing directors quote their DIN.
Your engagement is handled by our in-house team led by Ravivarman R (Founder, 15+ years, 500+ engagements), with M. E. Chokkalingam on compliance and S. Jayaprakash on GST matters. You deal with named, qualified people throughout your Pvt Ltd Company Registration — not a call centre.
Section 149(3) read with the Explanation states that every company shall have at least one director who has stayed in India for a total period of not less than 182 days during the financial year. For newly incorporated companies the period is to be applied proportionately at the end of the financial year in which it is incorporated. Non-compliance attracts penalty under Section 149(8) read with Section 172.
Section 4(1) prescribes that the MOA contain the Name Clause, Registered Office (State) Clause, Object Clause (main and ancillary objects), Liability Clause, Capital Clause and Subscription Clause. INC-33 is the electronic form of the MOA where the company adopts one of Tables A to E of Schedule I depending on whether limited by shares or by guarantee, public or private. Subscribers sign INC-33 with their DSC inside SPICe+.
We review Pvt Ltd work carefully before submission to avoid errors in the first place. If a genuine issue ever arises on something we filed for a Adyar client, we help set it right — standing behind our work is part of the service.
Conversion to OPC is permitted under Section 18 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Incorporation) Rules 2014 where paid-up capital is up to ₹50 lakh and turnover up to ₹2 crore in three preceding financial years (these monetary thresholds were removed by Notification dated 1-Apr-2021). Conversion to LLP follows Section 56 and Schedule III/IV of the LLP Act 2008 — requires consent of all secured creditors, no security interest subsisting and clearance of tax dues.
Yes, with procedural compliance. Foreign-issued passports require apostille under the 1961 Hague Convention where the home country is a signatory. For non-Hague countries, attestation runs through Indian consular channels abroad. Address proof from the home jurisdiction needs the same level of authentication. DIN for a first-time foreign appointee flows through SPICe+ Part B without a separate DIR-3. The 182-day Indian residency under Section 149(3) must be borne by at least one director on the board, which we map against passport entry stamps before signing the form. If foreign investment is anticipated, FEMA NDI Rules 2019 sectoral eligibility is verified upfront.
Yes. Along with Adyar, we serve Kotturpuram and the wider Chennai South belt for Pvt Ltd Company Registration. Wherever you are in this part of Chennai, the process and our 9566-068-468 line stay the same.
Section 11 was omitted in 2015 and reintroduced as Section 10A by the Companies (Amendment) Ordinance 2018. Every company having share capital incorporated on or after 2-Nov-2018 must file INC-20A within 180 days of incorporation declaring that every subscriber has paid the value of shares agreed and that the registered office is verified. Failure attracts penalty of ₹50,000 on the company and ₹1,000 per day per officer up to ₹1,00,000 and triggers Section 248(1)(d) strike-off.
Section 233 read with Rule 25 of the Companies (Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations) Rules 2016 permits merger between two or more small companies, between a holding and its wholly-owned subsidiary, between two start-up companies or between a start-up and a small company without NCLT approval. The scheme is filed with the Regional Director through CAA-9 to CAA-11 and approved within 60 days. Saves significant time and cost compared to Section 230-232 NCLT route.
Yes. Every proposed director, subscriber to the MOA and the certifying professional must hold a valid Class 3 Digital Signature Certificate issued under the Information Technology Act 2000. Class 2 DSCs were withdrawn by CCA effective 1-Jan-2021. The DSC is used to sign INC-32, INC-33, INC-34, INC-9 and AGILE-PRO-S electronically. Mismatch between DSC PAN/name and DIN PAN/name is a leading cause of rejection.
Section 73(2) prohibits a private company from accepting deposits from persons other than its members, directors and their relatives without complying with the conditions of Section 73(2). Money received from a director or relative of a director must be accompanied by a declaration that the amount is not from borrowed funds (Rule 2(1)(c)(viii) of the Companies (Acceptance of Deposits) Rules 2014). Contravention attracts Section 76A — fine ₹1 crore to ₹10 crore and prosecution.

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